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: A classic way to categorize survival-related behaviors: fighting, fleeing, feeding, and reproduction .

For much of the 20th century, veterinary curricula focused predominantly on the biomedical model, prioritizing anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology to treat somatic disease. Behavior was often relegated to the periphery, addressed only when it presented as a nuisance to the owner (e.g., aggression or destructive tendencies). However, the modern veterinarian operates under a more holistic paradigm. As defined by the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA), behavioral health is a key component of the "Five Freedoms" of animal welfare. Consequently, a thorough understanding of animal behavior—rooted in ethology—is no longer optional but is a prerequisite for competent clinical practice. : A classic way to categorize survival-related behaviors: